What is water pump? Types of water pumps,Classifications and working with sketch.

What is water pumps? 

Types of water pumps,Classifications  and working with sketch

What is a water pump ?

 A water pump is the hydraulic machine which converts the

mechanical energy into hydraulic energy are called pumps:

hydraulic energy is in the form of pressure energy.

classification of  water pumps.

  

Water Pumps  are classified as

follows:

(i) As per Casing of Pump:

(a) vortex pump,

(b) volute pump,

(c) turbine pump.

(ii) As per (no.) of Impellers

(a) single stage pump,

(b) two stage pump,

(c) multi-stage pump.

(iii) As per Direction of Flow in Impeller :

(a) radial flow pump,

(b) mixed flow pump,

(c) axial flow pump.

(iv) As per Position of Shaft:

(a) horizontal

type,

(b) vertical type.

(V).As  per range of working head 

(a)Low head pumps (up to 15mtr)

(b) medium head from (15 to 40 mtr.)

(c) high head pumps from above (40 metres) 

. Mainly water pump are two types 1.Reciprocating pump 

2. Dynamic Pressure Pump

 

In reciprocating pump- 

Piston pump ,Plunger pump, Bucket pump and

 In dynamic Pressure Pump centrifugal pump, propeller pump semi propeller pump 

centrifugal pump are two types  1.Turbine pump

2.Volute pump

Types of centrifugal pumps

centrifugal pumps are divided mainly into two categories according to the type of casing provided 

i . volute pumps

ii. diffuser or turbine pumps

 pumps are often further classified as single suction or double suction pumps according to whether the impeller receives water on one side or on both sides.

Functions of centrifugal water pumps 

  A pump is a device which converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy if the mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy by means of centrifugal force acting on the fluid the hydraulic machine is called the centrifugal pump

The main components of a   centrifugal pump are:

1. Impeller

2. Casing

3. Suction pipe with footvalve and strainer

4. Delivery pipe

1.Impeller is a rotating part it has number of backward curved vanes impeller through the water away from the axis of rotation this creates pressure head in the casing

2.Casing is a type passage surrounding the impeller which prevents the flow of water outside and pressure head is maintained

3.Suction with foot valve and strainer and foot to wall is carried two of the pump the function of football is to share as a non return valve and the function of strainer is to filter the water 

4.delivery pipe is connected at the outlet of the pump and delivers water to the required points . A delivery valve is fitted to it  for regulating the flow of water through it.

 working of centrifugal pump

 

The pump must be Primed before starting . After the pump is primed the delivery valve is kept closed and the motor is started to rotate the impeller. The rotation of the impeller causes strong suction or vacuum just at the eye of the casing. The speed is gradually increased till the impeller rotates at its normal Speed . The delivery valve is now opened. The liquid passes through the eye of the casing and enters the impeller at its centre and is impelled out into the casing. With the help of casing the velocity head is converted into a pressure head. Due to pressure created water can be supplied upto to the desired point.

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